Lake Parishan, also known as Famur, is one of the largest freshwater lakes in Iran and the Middle East. It is located in the Jereh and Baladeh districts of Kazerun County in Fars Province, near Valashahr. The lake’s name is derived from Mount Parishan, which lies northeast of it. The water of Parishan is fresh, and the majority of it comes from waterways originating from Mount Parishan, with some also supplied from underground sources. The lake is also known by the names Moor, Parishan, Shoor, Kazerun, Yun, Mooz, Tooz, Parisham, and Fazhshouyeh. Stay with Eligasht to know more about this unique lake.
Book flights from London to Tehran and Tehran to London with Eligasht UK:
Geographical Location of Lake Parishan
Lake Parishan is located between 51 degrees 44 minutes and 51 degrees 51 minutes east longitude, and 29 degrees 32 minutes and 30 seconds north latitude. It covers an area of approximately 4300 hectares and stands at 820 meters above sea level.
The lake’s catchment area is 266.5 square kilometers, and it reaches its largest area in May. It is important to note that this lake is registered as an international wetland in the Ramsar Convention and is considered part of a protected area.
Lake Parishan is surrounded by mountains, with a distance of approximately 4 to 5 kilometers from the mountains to the north and approximately 500 meters to the south.
In the distance between the lake and the mountains to the north are the villages of Maleki (Ghalat Nilu, Deh Pagah, Halak, and Parishan), Arab Parishan village, and Si Sakht village. To the east are Ghaleh Narenji and Jeroq, to the south is Narges Zar village, and to the west is Shahranjan village.
Lake Parishan: From the Past to the Present
Many years have passed since the birth of Lake Parishan. It should also be added that the water of this wetland or lake, despite being fresh, is not drinkable. Interestingly, this wetland used to contain salmon, and fish farming was also practiced.
The most famous fish species found in the lake in the past include park, sorkheh, freshwater fish, and zardak. In addition, the meadows and plains surrounding this wetland are natural resorts and habitats for rare species of wildlife.
Salt-tolerant plant species and various types of astragalus can be seen around Lake Parishan. Some of the recreational activities that could be enjoyed in this area before the lake dried up included boating, fishing, and photography.
Getting to Know the Parishan Lake Ecosystem
Due to its special and unique location, Lake Parishan is known as one part of the tourism triangle in western Fars Province. Arjan Plain and Chogan Valley are two other parts of this valuable area.
The proximity of these areas has led Fars Province officials to strive to register them as a geopark for the province. These scenic areas are a combination of two climates: mountainous and cold, and hot and dry desert.
Flora and Fauna of Lake Parishan (Famur)
It’s good to know that various plant and animal species live around the Parishan lake. In the western and southern parts of the lake, salt-loving and spongy plant species have grown, and the reduction in the volume of groundwater has led to the growth of tamarisk shrubs in various areas of the lake.
Among the most important bird species in Lake Parishan are Cattle Egrets and Grey Francolins. Turtles are also the most well-known amphibian species in this lake.
In addition to native birds, migratory species from other parts of the world also migrate to this lake throughout the year. Although, with the drying of this lake in recent years, this trend is decreasing. Among the most important annual migratory birds in Lake Parishan are cranes, pelicans, geese, ducks, and coots.
Okay, here’s the English translation of the provided text about Lake Parishan, focusing on the causes and consequences of its damage:
Damage to Lake Parishan (Famour)
Unfortunately, Lake Famour has suffered serious damage in recent years due to increased drought and the burning of surrounding reed beds during road construction. There is a possibility of its complete drying up in the near future.
Although the springs of this lake become full with increased rainfall, their water evaporates and dries up again after a short period of sunshine and intense heat. Experts believe that the complete disappearance of Lake Famour will have an extremely destructive effect on the ecosystem of the area and will also cause serious problems for the lives of the surrounding villages.
What is the current state of Lake Famour?
Unfortunately, the current state of Lake Famour is very critical, and a large part of its area is facing complete desiccation. In addition to the increasing temperature in this dry and arid region and the decrease in annual rainfall, road construction near the lake has also affected the destruction of the ecosystem of this area and the drying up of the lake’s water.
Also, the digging of hundreds of unauthorized wells around this lake for irrigating surrounding agricultural lands has not been without effect on the desiccation of this wetland. In addition, some farmers consider the activity of the combined cycle power plant a short distance from this wetland to be the reason for the drying up of the water of Famour wetland.
Although the factors of the power plant supply the water source of this center from wells far from this lake and from other surrounding areas; But the heat generated by the activity of this power plant has a significant effect on increasing the evaporation of the water of Lake Famour.
Factors of drying up Lake Parishan
Another problem of Lake Famour that has led to the destruction of the region’s ecosystem is the excessive grazing of livestock in the bed of this wetland. The lack of proper management by the Agricultural Jihad Organization in this area has caused the uncontrolled entry of livestock breeders into the areas around the lake and the destruction of the vegetation around the wetland. Weakening the soil in these areas will speed up the process of turning the lake into a desert.
In summary, the main factors of the gradual drying up of Lake Famour can be attributed to the burning of reed beds around the Famour wetland, excessive well digging by farmers, increased evaporation of the lake’s water due to drought and heat, the movement of heavy vehicles from the dry and low-water parts of this lake, and land subsidence.
Unfortunately, if Lake Parishan is not taken care of, its surrounding villages and areas will face serious dangers.
Is it Possible to Visit Lake Parishan?
Currently, large parts of Lake Parishan are completely dry, which is why visiting this lake is not very pleasant. Only in limited periods and when there is a lot of rain does this lake fill up with water, and when the sun starts to shine, it quickly turns into a swamp and then dries up.
However, it is possible to visit Lake Parishan at various times of the year, although when visiting, the likelihood of encountering dry and marshy land is very high.
The relief of Lake Parishan
Lake Parishan holds deep historical roots, with archaeological evidence suggesting human presence dating back to the early Sasanian period, possibly coinciding with the era of Shapur or even earlier. While grand structures built by Shapur’s ancestors along the lagoon’s shores have virtually vanished, one solitary artifact remains: the “Parishu” relief. This carving, potentially the origin of the lake’s name, is etched into the rock on the eastern side, mere meters above the high water mark. It depicts a woman in a bodice and skirt, her hands raised skyward. For centuries, this stone figure has silently witnessed the changing fate of the lake. Today, her vigil is marked by the construction of a half-finished road directly before her, casting a poignant shadow of contemporary encroachment upon her ancient form. Close by, aligned with her gaze, lies what is believed to be a type of ossuary or tomb, perhaps connected to the woman depicted. It is important to note that information regarding this relief is scarce, and much of what is known is based on interpretation and conjecture derived from the carving itself and its immediate surroundings.
Amenities of the Lake
Lake Parishan, despite fluctuations in its water levels, remains a viable destination for visitors. Recognizing traveler needs, the area provides convenient amenities including parking, rest areas, traditional gazebos, and restrooms located near the lake. Along the access routes, local cafes and restaurants welcome guests, offering a taste of traditional Fars cuisine, enriching the cultural experience. Recreation opportunities abound, catering to diverse interests. Popular activities include nature tourism, photography of the natural landscapes, observing migratory birds during appropriate seasons, exploring the surroundings via hiking trails, and enjoying relaxed family picnics. For wildlife enthusiasts, higher water periods offer chances to spot specific animal species. Additionally, native tours led by locals provide immersive insights into the region’s culture, traditions, and daily life.
What is the Best Time to Visit Lake Parishan?
The best time to visit Lake Parishan and its surroundings is from the first days of spring to the last days of this season. May is also the most suitable time to visit this lake, enjoy its climate, and walk around it.
If you are lucky and the amount of rainfall in winter has been high, there will be more water in this lake in front of you.
During the autumn and winter seasons, when various species of birds migrate to Lake Parishan, this lake becomes one of Iran’s most important birdwatching destinations. For this reason, birdwatching enthusiasts travel to the area around this lake at these times.
Due to the dryness of Lake Parishan in recent years, the volume of bird migration to this lake has decreased significantly, which can be hoped that the authorities will take steps to revive it so that we do not witness another environmental tragedy.
How to Get to Lake Parishan?
Lake Parishan or Parishan is located 15 kilometers southeast of Kazerun. Access to this lake from Kazerun is very easy, and for this, you must leave the eastern exit of this city towards Shiraz. The road to this lake is located 10 kilometers away on this highway on the right, and the route to the lake is very short.
Also, if you are traveling to this lake from Shiraz, you must enter the Shiraz-Kazerun highway from the west of this city and go to the beginning of the lake road. Various villages and settlements can be seen around this lake, which are part of the Arjan protected area in the west of Fars province.
Tourist Attractions Near Lake Parishan
When planning a visit to Lake Parishan, make sure to set aside time to explore the many natural and historical attractions in the surrounding area. These sites are sure to make your trip an unforgettable experience. Here are some of the most important attractions near the lake:
Dasht-e Arjan
Located about 40 kilometers from Lake Parishan, Dasht-e Arjan is one of the greenest and most beautiful plains in Iran. Nestled in the slopes of the Zagros Mountains, this plain comes alive in the spring with a dazzling display of colorful wildflowers. Dasht-e Arjan is also home to various species of migratory birds and wild animals, making it a protected area. Its pleasant weather, pristine nature, seasonal lagoon, and clear springs make it a fantastic place for nature tourism, photography, and camping. The best time to visit Dasht-e Arjan is in May, when you can fully enjoy its natural beauty.
Dasht-e Barm (Miān Kotal Resort)
Dasht-e Barm or Miān Kotal Resort is one of the most beautiful natural attractions near Lake Parishan. Located 30 kilometers east of Kazerun and 20 kilometers from Lake Parishan, this resort is part of the Arjan Protected Area and Biosphere Reserve. The historical Miān Kotal Caravanserai is situated in the middle of this plain, providing a unique opportunity to explore the pristine and beautiful nature while visiting a spectacular caravanserai.
Diverse plant species, including many colorful flowers, can be found in Dasht-e Barm. It is also home to one of the most important animal species in the country, the Persian fallow deer, making it an attractive destination for wildlife tourism.
The Ancient City of Bishapur
The ancient city of Bishapur is one of Kazerun’s unique attractions in the vicinity of Lake Parishan, with a global reputation. Located 20 kilometers northwest of Kazerun and 40 kilometers from Lake Parishan, this city hosts many domestic and foreign tourists throughout the year. Bishapur was one of the most important cities during the Sasanian era, and its history of construction can be seen on an ancient inscription in the city. In 2018, this ancient city was registered as one of the Sasanian archaeological landscapes of the Fars region on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Among the most important ancient monuments in Bishapur are the 6 bas-reliefs on the banks of the Shapur River. The Anahita Temple is another valuable relic of the Sasanian period in this city, and its architecture attracts the attention of modern engineers. The Bishapur Nazargah, the Ceremonial Hall, and the Mosaic Porch are other prominent ancient monuments in Bishapur, and visiting them will be enjoyable for those interested in history.
Tang-e Chogan (Chogan Valley)
Tang-e Chogan or Chogan Valley is another of Kazerun’s sights in the vicinity of Lake Parishan, located opposite the ancient city of Bishapur. The Shapur River flows through this valley, and numerous ancient monuments belonging to the ancient city of Bishapur can be found around it. In ancient times, Tang-e Chogan was a place for kings to stroll and relax, and courtiers played polo in this area. This is the reason why this valley is named Tang-e Chogan (Chogan Valley). When visiting Kazerun and the ancient city of Bishapur in the vicinity of Lake Parishan, make sure to spend some time exploring this beautiful valley.
Final words
In this article from Eligasht, we introduced one of our country’s freshwater lakes in Fars province, which, unfortunately, due to lack of proper management and attention, is taking its last breaths, namely Lake Parishan or Famur Lake. If you are also concerned about preserving the environment of Iran, you can make others aware of this important matter by knowing the status of this drying lake.
Related post :
- Semnan Arg Square, a Remnant of a Historic Citadel
- A Different Experience in Hamadan: A Trip to the Varkaneh Village
- Introducing the Pink Lakes in Iran
FAQ
What and where is Parishan Lake?
Parishan Lake (also known as Famur Lake) is a natural freshwater lake located in the Fars province of southwestern Iran, near the city of Kazerun. It is situated in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains.
What were the key characteristics of the lake when it was healthy?
When full, Parishan Lake covered an area of about 4,300 hectares (43 sq km), making it one of the largest freshwater lakes in Iran. It was relatively shallow, fed primarily by natural springs and seasonal rainfall. Its freshwater nature made it particularly valuable in a generally arid region.
What happened to Parishan Lake?
In recent decades, Parishan Lake has suffered severe dehydration and has largely dried up. This environmental crisis has devastated its ecosystem and impacted the surrounding areas.
What caused Parishan Lake to dry up?
The main causes are a combination of factors:
Climate Change & Drought: Reduced rainfall and increased temperatures have led to less water flowing into the lake.
Unsustainable Water Management: Excessive extraction of groundwater via deep wells, blocking or diverting natural springs that fed the lake, and increased water demand for agriculture in the surrounding area have severely reduced the lake’s water sources.