Since the time humans became familiar with the use of soil, stone, and wood, they have sheltered themselves. With the onset of settled living and communal life, some individuals gained dominance and power over others, thus beginning to construct forts and castles in various forms to maintain their control over their neighbors. Iran is no exception to this rule. For decades, archaeologists have been striving to unearth and restore forts and castles. In the past, castles served different purposes; some were the residences of rulers, while others had military functions and housed soldiers. Depending on their use, castles were built in different locations; military forts and castles were constructed outside cities and in the heart of mountains, plains, and forests. Today, we want to introduce you to the Hezar Darb Castle located in Ilam Province. Stay with Eligasht.
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Sightseeing at Hezar Darb Castle in Ilam
Ilam is one of Iran’s mountainous and semi-warm provinces situated in the western part of the country. Ilam is one of the forested provinces of Iran and boasts pristine and incredibly beautiful nature. It also preserves numerous natural and historical treasures within its borders. Hezar Darb Castle is located in Abdanan City, in the southern part of Ilam Province, in the west of the country. This castle also neighbors Darreh Shahr County to the northeast. On July 12, 2000, Hezar Darb Castle was registered as one of Iran’s historical monuments. According to historical data and texts, the history of this Castle dates back to the Sassanid period, when this magnificent castle served a military function. When you enter the castle, you will be faced with a myriad of crescent-shaped arches. It can be said that the name “Thousand Doors” stems from the abundance of these arches.
Namig of the castle
The name “Hezar Darb” translates to “Thousand Doors,” a fitting name for a castle adorned with numerous crescent-shaped arches that give it a distinctive appearance. The castle’s walls are impressively thick, measuring over five and a half meters in diameter, showcasing the architectural prowess of the builders of that era.
Structure and Architecture of Hezar Darb Castle
Hezar Darb Castle is undeniably one of the most intriguing and astonishing historical structures in Iran. This remarkable castle features unique architecture and beautiful crescent-shaped arches commonly seen in many historical structures in Iran. The overall structure of this building is rectangular, with the main materials comprising stone and carved stones, with plaster being used as mortar between them. Long corridors in four directions exist within Hezar Darb Castle, connecting to small rooms through gateways. One-meter diameter openings have been incorporated into the ceilings, corridors, and rooms to provide light and ventilation for the interior spaces of the castle.
On each of the four sides of the structure, some buttresses enclose the castle, like a fortress. The diameter of the castle walls reaches over five and a half meters. If you move towards the northern side of the castle, about 4 meters below the castle wall, you will see a moat. The courtyard of this Castle is decorated with terracotta tiles in a reddish color, the tiles used have embossed and intricately carved designs. The prominent type of tile used in this castle is the ridge tile; the production of this type of tile was very common during the Sassanid period.
Sections of Hezar Darb Castle
The Castle comprises various sections; however, many of these have suffered damage due to environmental factors. Nevertheless, researchers have identified several key areas, including the rooms and the number of floors within the castle.
The castle consists of three levels, boasting a total of 1,000 doors. The underground section served as a storage area for weapons, while the ground floor, or middle level, was designated for the training of military personnel and also featured a courtyard.
The uppermost level of the castle was utilized for surveillance of the surrounding area. In the event of any disturbances at the borders or nearby regions, the guards stationed there would promptly inform the city’s ruler.
The components of Shahneshin and the assembly hall distinctly reflect the military’s preferences, as evidenced by their various functions. The crescent arches situated at the base of the castle’s rectangular section contribute to an enigmatic and unusual aesthetic.
Certain archaeologists propose that, aside from the visible underground floor, there may be additional levels in the deeper sections, or that the castle was constructed atop a structure that has existed in that location for over a millennium. Artifacts and pottery discovered around the site suggest a period predating the Sassanid era, thereby reinforcing the likelihood of ancient constructions within the castle’s lower levels.
The residential chambers, featuring three entrance doors, are designated for royal habitation. Each door is specifically designed to provide access to a particular level; for instance, the southern entrance leads to the corridors intended for servants, while the door to the main porch facilitates the movement of nobles.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Hezar Darb Castle is during the spring and autumn months when the weather is mild and the surrounding landscapes are at their most vibrant. During these seasons, visitors can enjoy pleasant temperatures and explore the site without the intense heat of summer or the chill of winter.
Visitors should be prepared for varying weather conditions, as the climate in Ilam Province can be unpredictable. It is advisable to check the weather forecast before planning a trip and to dress appropriately for the conditions.
Access Route to Hezar Darb Castle in Ilam
To reach this ancient fortress, follow these general directions:
Starting Point: Begin your journey from Ilam City, the capital of Ilam Province in western Iran.
Travel by Road:
From Ilam City: Head south towards Abadan City, where Hezar Darb Castle is situated.
Public Transportation: Consider taking a local bus or taxi from Ilam to Abdanan City for convenient travel.
Navigation:
– Use GPS navigation or maps to guide you toward the castle. Local signage may also provide directions to historical sites like Hezar Darb Castle.
Local Assistance:
Seek guidance from locals or tourist information centers in Ilam for specific directions to Hezar Darb Castle.
Ask for information on any recent road closures or construction that may affect your route.
Walking to the Castle:
Upon reaching the vicinity of Hezar Darb Castle, be prepared for a short walk or hike to reach the entrance of the fortress.
Wear comfortable footwear and carry essentials like water, a camera, and any necessary supplies for your visit.
Final words
Hezar Darb Castle in Ilam Province is a fascinating destination that offers a glimpse into the region’s rich history and architectural heritage. By visiting this Castle, travelers can connect with the past and appreciate the strategic and cultural significance of this ancient fortress.
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FAQ
When was Hezar Darb Castle built?
Hezar Darb Castle in Ilam dates back to the Sassanid period, showcasing its ancient origins and historical significance.
Why is it called Hezar Darb Castle?
The name “Hezar Darb” translates to “Thousand Doors,” reflecting the presence of numerous crescent-shaped arches within the castle.
What is the significance of Hezar Darb Castle?
Hezar Darb Castle is a notable historical monument that highlights the architectural prowess and military importance of the Sassanid era in Iran.
What are the dimensions of the walls of Hezar Darb Castle?
The walls of Hezar Darb Castle are over five and a half meters in diameter, showcasing the strength and durability of the fortress.
Are there any unique features at Hezar Darb Castle?
Yes, one unique feature of Hezar Darb Castle is the presence of a moat located about 4 meters below the northern wall, adding to its defensive layout.
Is Hezar Darb Castle open to visitors?
Yes, Hezar Darb Castle is open to visitors who wish to explore its historical significance and architectural beauty, offering a glimpse into Iran’s ancient past.