Eram Garden, or Bagh-e Eram, is a historical Persian garden in Shiraz, Iran, renowned for its breathtaking beauty and meticulously planned landscape. Serving as a quintessential example of Persian gardens, it showcases a harmonious blend of natural and architectural elements. The garden’s origins trace back to the Seljuk dynasty (11th-14th centuries), although its current form largely dates back to the Qajar era (18th-20th centuries). Today, Eram Garden stands as a UNESCO World Heritage site, captivating visitors with its towering cypress trees, fragrant flowers, reflecting pools, and the magnificent central pavilion, offering a glimpse into the rich history and artistry of Persian garden design. Stay with Eligasht, if you want to know more about this beautiful Garden.
Book flights from London to Tehran and Tehran to London with Eligasht UK:
History of Eram Garden
Eram Garden, a jewel of Shiraz, boasts a history interwoven with the rise and fall of various dynasties and rulers. While its exact origins are shrouded in the mists of time, evidence suggests construction predates the Seljuk era (11th-12th centuries). Mentions of the garden appear in historical texts from the Seljuk period, indicating its existence as a significant and well-established site even then. Over the centuries, ownership passed through numerous noble families and ruling powers, each leaving their mark on the garden’s design and architecture. The Qashqai tribal leaders, particularly during the Zand and Qajar periods (18th-19th centuries), played a significant role in shaping the garden into its present splendor. They commissioned extensive renovations, adding the iconic central pavilion and meticulously crafting the landscaping that defines Eram Garden’s breathtaking beauty today. Through these successive owners, each with their distinct vision and resources, Eram Garden evolved into the masterpiece of Persian garden design that continues to captivate visitors from around the world.
Reasons for naming Eram Garden
Eram Garden in Shiraz, a UNESCO World Heritage site, derives its name from the Persian word “Eram”, which is believed to be a variant of “Iram”, an Arabic word meaning “heaven” or “paradise.” This evocative name perfectly captures the garden’s breathtaking beauty and serene atmosphere. The lush vegetation, fragrant flowers, towering cypress trees, and the reflection pool mirroring the Qavam House all contribute to a sense of otherworldly tranquility, making “Eram” a fitting and enduring designation for this horticultural masterpiece. It speaks to the intention of its creators to craft a space of earthly paradise, a sanctuary of beauty and respite within the bustling city of Shiraz.
Architecture of Eram Garden
Eram Garden, a true gem in Shiraz, beautifully exemplifies the principles of Persian garden design. At its heart lies a central axis, often highlighted by a flowing stream and a carefully arranged network of paths, flowerbeds, and trees. The building in Eram Garden, adorned with intricate tilework, elegant muqarnas, and colorful Persian frescoes, reflects the sophistication of Qajar-era architecture. The seamless interaction between the constructed elements and the natural landscape creates a tranquil environment, where the architecture frames the garden’s splendor, while the garden amplifies the beauty of the structure.
The central structure of Eram Garden in Shiraz is situated in the western section of the complex, making it a popular spot for visitors. To reach the main building, guests must stroll through the length of the garden, enhancing their experience of this beautiful area.
This impressive building features three stories topped with a gable roof, adorned with intricate stucco work, vibrant paintings, detailed stone carvings, iron lattice windows, exquisite marquetry, and colorful tiling. It stands as a remarkable example of mid-Qajar architecture, reflecting the styles of the Zand and Safavid eras. The doors, crafted from teak wood, have maintained their original form over the years, showcasing their enduring beauty.
As the garden expanded and additional land was incorporated into the western section, the main building and other structures became centrally located within the garden, forming a cohesive complex.
Another highlight within the main building of Eram Garden is the “Sang-o-Gohar Daryay-e-Noor” museum, which opened its doors in 2011. This museum showcases an impressive collection of over 140 types of precious and rare stones and gems from both Iran and around the globe.
Inscriptions of Eram Garden
Eram Garden is adorned with a variety of inscriptions, primarily established during the era of Nasir al-Mulk. On the eastern facade of the main mansion, you can find six inscriptions, all crafted in the elegant Nastaliq script on marble, each marked with its installation date.
Two corner inscriptions grace either side of the mansion’s grand portico. These inscriptions feature an Achaemenid soldier, depicted with a spear in one hand and a mace in the other. While there is an effort to make this soldier resemble those from Persepolis, the intricate details and embellishments typical of those figures are notably missing.
Additionally, several exquisite mosaic tile inscriptions enhance the mansion’s facade, contributing to its stunning visual appeal.
Second Floor
The second floor boasts a spacious portico at its center, supported by two tall columns and topped with a flat roof, leading into a large hall. In front of this elegant portico stand two tall, monolithic stone columns, their capitals showcasing figures dressed in Qajar-era attire alongside symmetrical floral designs. The two-column portico of Eram Garden stands out among Qajar-era architecture in Shiraz, thanks to the exquisite stucco decorations adorning three sides of the structure. The facade and its surroundings are embellished with one of the most captivating tile works from the Qajar period, a unique feature not found in other buildings of the same era.
Flanking this grand portico are two smaller porticoes, each supported by two petite monolithic stone columns, with sash windows and doors positioned behind them. On the southern side of this floor, directly above the kitchen below, lies another spacious kitchen of similar dimensions. At the base of this portico, three iron windows, which have been preserved since the building’s construction, add to its charm. The two side iron windows are symmetrically aligned.
The third floor
The third floor of the Eram Garden building showcases the remarkable and intricate artistry of Iranian architects and painters. Here, you can admire “Marjouk,” a style of wall and ceiling painting that flourished during the Qajar era. This unique art form, known as “Jook Kari,” is particularly associated with the talented artists of Shiraz. On this level, you’ll find porches similar to those on the second floor, along with three rooms and a spacious hall.
As for the passage through Eram Garden, it stands out as one of the garden’s most captivating features, lined with cypress trees that display their stunning beauty on both sides. It’s uncommon for visitors to leave without capturing the enchanting scenery on camera. Among these trees is a magnificent cypress that has stood for over a millennium, recognized as the tallest in Shiraz at 35 meters. At its base, a grand old grapevine has intertwined its branches around the cypress.
The main pathway
The main pathway of the garden stretches from west to east, beginning at the main mansion and leading to the garden’s far end, making a leisurely walk along this route truly enjoyable. A stream of water branches off in various directions, guiding you to different corners of the garden. To navigate this path, you’ll need to ascend stairs designed to accommodate the garden’s slope.
How to get to Eram Garden
Getting to the beautiful Eram Garden in Shiraz, Iran, is quite easy. If you’re already in the city, taking a taxi is the most popular and convenient option. Taxis are abundant, and drivers will know “Bagh-e Eram” right away. You can also use ride-hailing apps like Snapp or Tap30, which are widely used in Iran and usually have good rates. For those who enjoy a bit of adventure, public buses can take you there as well, but you might need some help with the bus routes or translations. No matter how you choose to get there, make sure you know the garden’s location (it’s easy to find on maps) and agree on the fare in advance to avoid any unexpected costs.
Best time to visit Eram Garden
The ideal times to explore Eram Garden in Shiraz are usually in the spring (April to May) or autumn (September to October). These seasons feature mild and enjoyable weather, perfect for wandering through the gardens and taking in the colorful flowers and lush greenery. In spring, the garden’s renowned roses are in full bloom, creating a stunning visual treat. Meanwhile, autumn brings cooler weather and beautiful fall foliage as the leaves change color, offering a different yet equally captivating view. It’s best to steer clear of the hot summer months (June to August), as the high temperatures can make a visit less comfortable. Winter (November to March) can be quite chilly, and while the garden still has its appeal, it doesn’t showcase the vibrant floral displays found in spring and autumn.
Final words
Eram Garden has been a sanctuary for those seeking solace and inspiration, a place where one can connect with nature and reflect on the profound interconnectedness of all living beings. It is a reminder of the importance of preserving and protecting our natural heritage for future generations to enjoy. We hope that our exploration of Eram Garden has sparked a curiosity and a desire to learn more about the diverse and fascinating history of Shiraz and Iran as a whole.
Related post :
- Kish Water Reservoir | An Ancient Heritage and a Stunning Attraction
- Where is the Ghost Lake of Nowshahr located?
- The Historical Location of Molla Bashi House or Motamedi House in Isfahan
FAQ
Where is Eram Garden located?
Eram Garden is located in the northern part of Shiraz, near Shiraz University. You can easily find it on most city maps or by asking your hotel for directions.
Why is Eram Garden famous?
Eram Garden is renowned for its exquisite design, showcasing the principles of the Persian garden. Its historical significance and the diverse collection of plants, especially the roses, contribute to its fame.
What does “Eram” mean?
“Eram” is the Persian word for “Paradise” or “Heaven on Earth,” which perfectly reflects the garden’s beauty and tranquility.
What is the best time of year to visit Eram Garden?
Spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) are the best times to visit. The weather is pleasant, and the garden is in full bloom or showing beautiful autumn colors. Summer can be very hot in Shiraz.